利用微计算机控制的电化学测试系统研究了低脆性镀锌添加剂DB对锌的电化学成核的影响。发现锌晶核的形成遵循连续成核机理。成核速度常数A与电极电位E的关系证明经典成核速度定律适用。饱和晶核数密度V_s和E的关系可经验地表示为N_s=N_∞{1-exp[-b(E-E_(cr))]}。E恒定不变时,A和N_s随DB浓度增大而减小。用异相成核理论解释了添加剂和过电位的不同效应。 The effect of low brittle zinc additive DB on the electrochemical nucleation of zinc was investigated by using a microcomputer-controlled electrochemical test system. The formation of zinc nuclei was found to follow the continuous nucleation mechanism. The relationship between the nucleation rate constant A and the electrode potential E proves that the classical nucleation rate law is applicable. The relationship between the saturation nuclei density V_s and E can be empirically represented as N_s = N_∞ {1-exp [-b (E-E_ (cr))]}. When E is constant, A and N_s decrease with increasing DB concentration. The heterogeneous nucleation theory explains the different effects of additives and overpotential.