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一、概述耳机是一种能将电信号转换成声信号并与人耳直接耦合的电声换能器。在通讯中叫受话器。像照片1那样的叫头戴式耳机,它除耳机单元外,还有耳垫、头环、头垫、导线和插头等部件组成。耳机和扬声器的功能一样都是重放声音,但它们重放声音的方式和条件是不同的。如图1所示,扬声器是向一个较大的空间辐射声音。人耳听到的声音与扬声器的位置、房间的大小和声学特性(如混响时间)有关。在重放二声道立体声时,一个耳朵不仅能听到相对应的那个扬声器放出的声音,而且还要听到来自另一个扬声器放出的“串音”,以及房间混响的影响。而使用耳机时,由于两只耳机重放出来的声音分别与二个耳朵紧密耦合,这样既没有“串音”,也不受房间混响的影响。
First, an overview Headphone is an electro-acoustic transducer that converts electrical signals into acoustic signals and directly couples with the human ear. Caller in communication. Like the photo 1, it is called a headset, which in addition to the headset unit, there are ear pads, head rings, head pads, wires and plugs and other components. The function of headphones and speakers are the same as the playback of the sound, but the way they sound and the conditions are different. As shown in Figure 1, the speaker radiates sound into a larger space. The sound heard by the human ear depends on the position of the loudspeaker, the size of the room and acoustic characteristics such as reverberation time. When playing back two-channel stereo, one ear can hear not only the sound from the corresponding speaker, but also the “crosstalk” from another speaker and the effect of the room reverb. When using a headset, the sound reproduced by the two earphones is closely coupled with the two ears respectively, so that there is neither “crosstalk” nor the reverberation of the room.