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Al-substituted barium ferrite powders were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion method according to the molecular formula BaAlxFe12-xO19 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0). Compared with non-substituted barium ferrite annealing at 1000℃, the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurement manifested that the optimum magnetic properties formation temperature of Al-substituted barium ferrite was 1100℃. The data from X-ray diffractometer (XRD) showed that with increasing x, the lattice constants (a and c) decreased as well as the unit-cell volume Vcell. Magnetic measurement of non-substituted and Al-substituted powders annealed from 900℃ to 1200℃ exhibited that the maximum magnetization M (10 kOe), the remanent magnetization Mr and the coercivity Hc depended strongly on the chemical composition of powder as well as the annealing temperature. When annealing at 1100℃, BaAl0.5Fe11.5019 of high coercivity Hc (6584 Oe) was produced. Meanwhile, M (10 kOe) and Mr were 42.83emu/g and 25.65emu/g, respectively.