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蒙脱石是土体中最常见的黏土矿物之一,具有很强的亲水性,对土体的水稳性、分散性等工程性质有极大的影响。采用悬液稳定性试验、碎块试验和针孔试验,通过在土体中掺入不同种类和含量的蒙脱石膨润土,研究蒙脱石对土体水稳性、分散性的影响。结果表明:随着土体中钠基蒙脱石膨润土掺量的增加,土体的分散性增强,水稳性降低;钙基蒙脱石的表现与钠基蒙脱石相反,随着土体中钙基蒙脱石膨润土掺量的增加,土体的分散性降低,水稳性增强。研究表明,钠离子是黏性土产生分散性必不可少的因素;蒙脱石的种类不同对黏性土的分散性影响不同,钠基蒙脱石可促进土体的分散性,钙基蒙脱石能抑制土体的分散性。
Montmorillonite is one of the most common clay minerals in soil. It has strong hydrophilicity and greatly influences the engineering properties such as water stability and dispersion of soil. Suspension stability test, fragment test and pinhole test were used to study the influence of montmorillonite on the water stability and dispersion of soil by mixing different types and amounts of montmorillonite bentonite in the soil. The results show that with the increase of the content of Na-montmorillonite bentonite in soil, the dispersibility of soil is enhanced and the water stability is decreased. The performance of Ca-montmorillonite is opposite to Na-montmorillonite, Calcium-based montmorillonite bentonite content increased, soil dispersion decreased, water stability increased. The results show that sodium ion is an indispensable factor for the dispersion of cohesive soil. The different types of montmorillonite have different influences on the dispersion of cohesive soil. Sodium montmorillonite can promote the dispersibility of soil, Off-stone can inhibit the dispersion of soil.