在自然界中,碳水化物以多种形式存在,如单糖、多糖、寡糖及糖蛋白等。人们熟知碳水化物,作为代谢能源和维持细胞和组织器官形态特征是十分重要的。近几年来,人们又发现碳水化物还具有激素活性、细胞间粘连作用、调整蛋白质形态及刺激免疫反应等作用[1,2]。90年代以来,人们开始 In nature, carbohydrate exists in many forms, such as monosaccharides, polysaccharides, oligosaccharides and glycoproteins. It is important that people familiarize themselves with carbohydrates as a metabolic energy and in maintaining the morphological characteristics of cells and tissues and organs. In recent years, people also found that carbohydrates also have hormonal activity, cell adhesion, the role of regulating protein morphology and stimulate the immune response [1,2]. People started since the 90s