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主要组织相容性基因复合体(Major Histocompatibility Complex)是指位于染色体上的,控制同种异基因抗原的组织排斥和控制某些免疫反应的一组基因群。由它们控制的细胞表面抗原分别称为组织相容性抗原(Histocompatibility)和免疫反应相关抗原(Iregion associated antigen 简称 Ia 抗原)。人的 MHC 位于第6条染色体的短臂上,由四个紧密连锁的不同位点(HLA—A,B,C,D)构成,已知由它控制的组织相容性抗原有77个。小鼠的 MHC 位于第17对染色体上,包括五个区(K,I,S,G,D),已知由它控制的组织相容性抗原有56个,Ia 抗原有22个。目前已知 MHC 中包含三大类基因群,第一类基因群控制病毒感染细胞和化学改变细胞的表面抗原和控制组
Major Histocompatibility Complex refers to a group of genes that are located on chromosomes and control the rejection of allogeneic tissues and control certain immune responses. The cell surface antigens controlled by them are referred to as Histocompatibility and Ire antigen (Ia antigen) respectively. The human MHC is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 and consists of four closely linked distinct sites (HLA-A, B, C, D), which are known to have 77 histocompatibility antigens. Mouse MHC is located on the 17th chromosome, including the five regions (K, I, S, G, D), known to control its histocompatibility antigen 56, Ia antigen 22. It is known that there are three major types of MHC gene cluster, the first group of gene control virus-infected cells and chemical changes in cell surface antigen and control group