机械通气(Mechanical Ventilation,MV)引起的肺损伤主要有气压伤、氧中毒和医源性呼吸系统感染。三者互相影响、互相促进。本文主要讨论气压伤,它是MV 引起的急性肺损伤(ALI),也是导致用 MV 治疗呼吸衰竭失败的重要原因之一,其发生率为13%～35%,如延误诊断,有时病死率可高达31%。 Mechanical ventilation (Mechanical Ventilation, MV) -induced lung injury are mainly air pressure injury, oxygen poisoning and iatrogenic respiratory infections. The three influence each other and promote each other. This article focuses on barotrauma, which is caused by MV-induced acute lung injury (ALI), but also lead to the failure of MV treatment of respiratory failure, one of the important reasons, the rate was 13% to 35%, such as the delay diagnosis, and sometimes mortality can be Up to 31%.