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草菇(Volvarielle volvacea)是中国南方主要栽培的食用菌种类,已有200多年的历安(张树庭,1977)。直至15年前,香港将西方生产双孢蘑菇(Agaricus lisporus)的技术移植到栽培草菇上来,使草菇的传统栽培方法有了很大的改变。在过去的十年中,小型菇场的设备也没有什么改进。但据调查统计表明,香港的鲜草菇产量逐年在提高,仅在三年内就已改变了由基本上靠进口到自产能满足70%的需求量,详见下图所示。本文介绍的是香港菇农栽培草菇的技术和有关原理。
Volvarielle volvacea is a major cultivated edible fungus species in southern China, with more than 200 years of history (Zhang Shuting, 1977). Until 15 years ago, Hong Kong’s technology of producing Agaricus lisporus in the West was transplanted to cultivate straw mushrooms, which has greatly changed the traditional cultivation methods of straw mushrooms. In the past ten years, the equipment of the small mushroom farm has not been improved. However, according to the survey statistics, the output of fresh mushrooms in Hong Kong has been increasing year by year. The demand for 70% of the total imported raw materials to meet the self-production capacity has been changed in just three years. This article describes the Honggu mushroom cultivation techniques and the relevant principles.