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目的了解福建省武夷山市手足口病流行病学特征,为制订防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析2011—2014年武夷山市手足口病疫情数据。结果 2011—2014年武夷山市手足口病发病2 397例,重症39例,死亡2例,无聚集性疫情,年均发病率256.32/10万,重症构成比16.27‰,死亡率0.21/10万;疫情在全市范围内广泛流行,具有高发病率、高重症构成比、高死亡率等特征;城区发病率高于农村;4—6月和9—10月为发病高峰,呈双峰分布;发病率男女性别比为1.39∶1,以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主(96.58%),高发人群为0~5岁年龄组(96.37%);重症病例中0~2岁占79.49%;致病毒株以EV71、Cox A16和其他肠道病毒为主,重症、死亡病例主要由EV71型病毒感染引起。结论今后仍应以落实城乡结合部外来人口聚集地以及托幼机构、学校手足口病防控措施为主,防止局部疫情暴发。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wuyishan City, Fujian Province, and to provide basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic data of HFMD in Wuyishan City during 2011-2014. Results There were 2 397 cases of HFMD in Wuyishan City from 2011 to 2014, 39 cases were severe and 2 died. The average annual incidence was 256.32 / 100 000, the rate of severe constitution was 16.27 ‰ and the death rate was 0.21 / 100 000. The epidemic is widespread in the city, with high morbidity, high severity of severe constitution, high mortality and other characteristics; the incidence of urban areas is higher than that of rural areas; the peak incidence in April-June and September-October is bimodal; The prevalence rate of male to female was 1.39:1, mainly for diaspora and toddlers (96.58%), high prevalence group (0% to 5 years) (96.37%); severe cases 0 to 2 years (79.49%); Strain EV71, Cox A16 and other enterovirus-based, severe, deaths caused by EV71-type virus infection. Conclusion In the future, prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease should be mainly implemented to prevent the outbreak of the outbreak of epidemic in the urban-rural integration areas as well as the nurseries and schools.