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参与世界卫生组织课题“健康教育对哺乳和避孕行为的影响——上海市妇女产后哺乳和避孕行为的队列研究”的对象（母婴对）中，产后６ ｗ 以内、产后第７ 周～３ 个月末和产后第４个月～第９ 个月的婴儿腹泻发病率均未超过 ６％ ，而市区婴儿呼吸系统感染发病率在产后第９ 个月随访时已超过４０％ ，农村婴儿则达约２３％ ，市区婴儿呼吸系统感染发病率在３ 次随访都显著高于农村婴儿。多因素分析表明，产后６ ｗ 以内和产后第４ 个月～第９ 个月的随访结果未显示哺乳状况和婴儿健康结局有统计学关联，但产后第７ 周～３ 个月末时，添加辅食的婴儿较之中断母乳的婴儿腹泻发病危险高，而呼吸系统感染危险则低。
Participate in the World Health Organization project “health education on breastfeeding and contraceptive behavior - Shanghai women’s postpartum breast-feeding and contraception behavior cohort study” (maternal and child), within 6 w postpartum, 7 weeks after birth to 3 Infants’ incidence of diarrhea did not exceed 6% at the end of the month and from the 4th to the 9th month after childbirth, while the prevalence of respiratory infection in infants in the urban area exceeded 40% at the 9th month after delivery and in rural infants 23%. The incidence of respiratory infections in infants in urban areas was significantly higher than that of rural infants at three follow-ups. Multivariate analysis showed that follow-up results within 6 w postpartum and from the fourth month to the ninth postnatal month did not show a statistically significant correlation between breastfeeding status and infant health outcomes. However, supplementation of complementary foods at the seventh week postpartum to the end of the third month Infants have a higher risk of developing diarrhea than those who discontinue breastfeeding, while the risk of respiratory infection is low.