论文部分内容阅读
基因组岛(genomic island)是一类具有特定结构和功能的大片段DNA的总称,常可发生水平转移,细菌可经过接合、转导、转化等方式获得基因组岛。基因组岛往往具有比较独特的碱基组成特征及功能特点,根据基因组岛对宿主菌生物活性所造成的影响,可将基因组岛分为致病岛、耐药岛、代谢岛和共生岛(symbiosis island)等。随着微生物基因组测序工作不断进展,越来越多的基因组岛正为人们所认识。因此,就基因组岛的基本特征、转移机制、进化途径以及功能特点进行综述,将为我们研究微生物进化提供一个新视角。
Genomic island (genomic island) is a general term for a large class of DNA with a specific structure and function. Horizontal translocation often occurs. Bacteria can obtain genomic islands through conjugation, transduction and transformation. Genomic islands tend to have more unique base composition and functional characteristics. According to the influence of genomic islands on the host biological activity, genomic islands can be divided into pathogenicity islands, resistant islands, metabolic islands and symbiosis islands )Wait. As the sequencing of microbial genomes progresses, more and more genomic islands are becoming known. Therefore, reviewing the basic features, metastatic mechanisms, evolutionary pathways and functional characteristics of genomic islands will provide a new perspective for us to study microbial evolution.