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目的了解绵竹市(县级市)工业企业职业病危害现状,探讨防控难点及趋势。方法对2012—2014年职业病危害因素检测数据进行统计分析,通过现场调查并结合近年职业病发病情况,作现状及趋势分析。结果磷矿石开采、磷(钛)化工、机械加工、玻璃行业、酒类企业、其他类企业合格率分别为55.85%、76.51%、56.57%、44.09%、65.42%、80.35%,全市各类行业总体合格率为69.72%;年度间有害因素总体合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.39,P<0.01),但物理因素合格率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.71 P>0.05)。结论该市职业病防治工作取得一定成绩,但整体形势严峻。矽肺病例仍将保持较高的发病水平,新发电焊工尘肺将逐渐增多,听力损伤有可能出现群发事件。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational disease hazards in industrial enterprises in Mianzhu (county-level cities) and discuss the difficulties and trends of prevention and control. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the detection data of occupational hazards in 2012-2014. Based on the field survey and the recent incidence of occupational diseases, the status quo and trend were analyzed. Results The passing rates of phosphate ore mining, phosphorus (titanium) chemical industry, mechanical processing, glass industry, liquor enterprises and other enterprises were 55.85%, 76.51%, 56.57%, 44.09%, 65.42% and 80.35% respectively. The overall pass rate of the industry was 69.72%. The overall pass rate of the harmful factors was statistically different between the two years (χ2 = 54.39, P <0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the passing rates of physical factors (χ2 = 0.71 P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in the city has achieved some success, but the overall situation is grim. Silicosis cases will still maintain a high incidence level, the new welder pneumoconiosis will gradually increase hearing loss may occur mass incidents.