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《联邦党人文集》是在为制定美国宪法的奔走过程中应运而生的,其中的一系列文章都在论证制定宪法的合理性,这种论证必然会有理论上的支撑。本文重点关注在这一书中存在的理论基础,以求掌握美国宪法的精神。通读全书会发现,文章大致可以归纳分为两大部分,即对建立联邦政府的论证和对立法、行政、司法这三种权力分配的论证。对应观之,不难发现这两部分论证中涉及的正是社会契约理论和三权分立与制衡理论。
The “Federalist Anthology” came into being in the process of formulating the U.S. constitution. A series of articles among them are arguing the rationality of formulating the constitution, which is bound to have theoretical support. This article focuses on the theoretical foundations that exist in this book in order to grasp the spirit of the United States Constitution. Throughout the book will find that the article can be broadly divided into two parts, namely the demonstration of the establishment of the federal government and the demonstration of the distribution of the three powers of legislation, administration and judicature. Corresponding view, it is not difficult to find that the two parts involved in the argument is the social contract theory and the separation of powers and checks and balances theory.