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到本世纪末实现小康社会是我国现代化建设的首要目标。随着2000年的逐渐逼近,小康水平是一个什么样的社会越来越引起人民的关注。我国是一个农业大国,农村人口占80%以上,对于全国乃至一省、一地区、一县来说,如果没有广大农村居民小康生活水平的实现,就无小康社会可言。因此,研究和建立农村小康水平评价指标体系及其量化标准,具有十分重大的历史意义和政治、经济意义。一、小康生活水平的基本概念和特点1.小康的基本概念,对于什么是小康水平,目前一种比较普遍的认识就是把小康社会和人均国民生产总值800美元(以1980年的价格和汇率计算)等同起来。它对于衡量我国是否进入小康社会无疑是一个不可缺少的标准。但事实上,“小康社会”还有着更为丰富的内涵,随着时代的发展和社会的进步,我们有必要加深这一概念的认识和理解。从严格意义上讲,“小康”有广义和狭义之分。广义的小康是指具有中国特色的,体现社会主义基本
To achieve a well-to-do society by the end of this century is the primary goal of our country’s modernization drive. With the gradual approach in 2000, the level of a well-being society has drawn more and more people’s attention. As a large agricultural country in our country, the rural population accounts for more than 80% of the total population. For the entire country and even one province, one region and one county, there is no well-to-do society at all without the realization of a well-to-do standard of living of rural residents. Therefore, it is of great historical significance and political and economic significance to study and establish the evaluation index system and its quantitative criteria for well-off rural areas. I. Basic Concepts and Characteristics of a Well-to-do Standard of Living 1. The basic concept of well-to-do is a common understanding of what a well-to-do level is for a well-to-do society and a per capita GNI of 800 U.S. dollars (1980 prices and exchange rates Calculation) equate. It is undoubtedly an indispensable standard for measuring whether China is a well-to-do society. However, in fact, there is still more rich connotation in the “well-to-do society”. With the development of the times and the progress of society, we need to deepen the understanding and understanding of this concept. In a strict sense, “well-off society” has a broad sense and a narrow sense. In a broad sense, a well-to-do society means having Chinese characteristics and embodying the basic socialism