第三世界国家大多数是在战后获得独立的。为了尽快改变落后的面貌,建立独立自主的民族经济,这些国家在近二、三十年来先后采取了一系列社会经济改革措施,在不同程度上都取得了一些成就。与其他发展中国家相比,印尼、马来西亚、新加坡、泰国和菲律宾这五个东盟国家经济的结构改革规模较大,成绩也较令人注目。尽管这五国在人口、资源保证程度、经济发展水平和经济类型诸方面都存在着差别,但是它们由于在地理位置上是近邻,又有共同的历史遭遇,加上社会经济结构也很相近,所以彼此的关系比较密切。五国资本主义发展的规模和方式虽然不尽相同,但速度都相当快。它们要比东南亚地区的其他国家更积极地参加国际分工,外国垄断资本对当地经济的渗透程度也较高。 Most Third World countries gained their independence after the war. In order to change the backwardness as soon as possible and establish an independent national economy, these countries adopted a series of social and economic reforms in the recent two or three decades and achieved some success in varying degrees. Compared with other developing countries, the structural reforms in the economies of the five ASEAN countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines are relatively large in scale and have achieved remarkable results. Although these five countries differ in terms of population, level of resource guarantee, level of economic development and types of economy, these five countries have common historical experiences because of their geographic location. In addition, their socio-economic structures are similar. So the relationship between each other is relatively close. Although the scale and modalities for the development of capitalism in the five countries vary, they are quite fast. They should participate more actively in the international division of labor than other countries in Southeast Asia. Foreign monopoly capital also has a higher degree of infiltration into the local economy.