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目的了解药物不良反应(ADR)发生的特点和规律,为临床安全、合理用药提供参考。方法选取东海县人民医院2015年上报至国家ADR监测网的114例ADR报告作为研究对象。运用Excel等统计学软件统计患者一般情况、给药途径、ADR发生时间、药品种类、ADR累及器官系统及临床表现等,并采用ADR监测中心的ADR因果关系判断标准进行评价。结果 0~10岁患儿发生ADR最多;114例发生ADR的患者中,以静脉给药方式为主;114例发生ADR的患者中,100例发生于用药30 min内,占87.8%;引发ADR排名首位的药物为抗菌药物;ADR的表现以皮肤及其附件损伤最为常见。结论应加强ADR监测,宣传普及ADR知识,减少或避免ADR发生,保障患者用药安全。
Objective To understand the characteristics and rules of adverse drug reaction (ADR) and provide references for clinical safety and rational drug use. Methods 114 cases of ADR reported by the People’s Hospital of Donghai County to the national ADR monitoring network in 2015 were selected as research objects. The general condition of patient, route of administration, time of onset of ADR, type of drug, organ system involved in ADR and clinical manifestation were calculated by using statistical software such as Excel. The ADR causality evaluation criteria were evaluated. Results The incidence of ADR in children aged 0-10 years was the highest. Among 114 patients with ADR, intravenous administration was the main way. Among 114 patients with ADR, 100 occurred in 30 minutes, accounting for 87.8% Top ranked drugs for antimicrobial drugs; ADR performance of the skin and its accessories damage the most common. Conclusion ADR monitoring should be strengthened to promote the popularization of ADR knowledge, reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADR, to ensure the safety of patients medication.