一、桂冠与狞笑:欧洲呈现的两副面目 在许多人心目中,泰戈尔是一个文化使者,他操着印度古老的哲学和诗歌语言,向西方人宣讲着东方福音。这固然是泰戈尔一生活动,尤其是晚期频繁的国际讲学活动的一个重要方面,但这种看法中还是包含着一种误解,以为泰戈尔对于现代文明,从一开始就是批判的、排拒的,近代以来高速发展的西方工商业社会正是这一文明的生动体现。 其实,在一生中的绝大多数时间,泰戈尔对西方的态度是理解、尊重,乃至相当友好 First, the crown and laughed at: two faces in Europe In many people’s mind, Tagore is a cultural messenger, he taught the ancient philosophy and poetry language in India, preached to the Westerners the Gospel of the East. Although this is an important aspect of Tagore’s life activities, especially the frequent international advanced lectures in late period, this view still contains a misunderstanding that Tagore was critical and rejected from the very beginning for the modern civilization. In modern times, Since the rapid development of Western business community is a vivid manifestation of this civilization. In fact, during most of his life, Tagore’s attitude toward the West is understanding, respect and even quite friendly