从制度变迁原理和交易成本理论出发,从分析司法制度资源配置的理论基础和司法效率实现的途径看,司法改革是一个制度选择过程,重要的是降低制度运行的交易成本。司法资源配置不当、诉讼和执行成本过高、诉讼和执行周期过长是司法效率低下的主要原因。要提高司法效率,就要进行成本、收益分析,减少司法资源浪费。 Based on the theory of institutional change and transaction cost, judging from the analysis of the rationale for the allocation of resources in the judicial system and the way to realize judicial efficiency, judicial reform is a system selection process. What is important is to reduce the transaction costs of system operation. Misjudgment of judicial resources, excessive litigation and enforcement costs, and excessive litigation and enforcement cycles are the main reasons for the inefficiency of the judiciary. To improve judicial efficiency, cost and benefit analysis should be conducted to reduce the waste of judicial resources.