如同欧美考古界一样,整个20世纪,中国考古学都是在文化历史学派的影响下发展起来的,认为事物(包括历史、社会以及文化)都是循着由简单到复杂、由低级到高级这样一种直线进化(linear evolution)的方式发展起来,所以其关注点在于定义文化内涵、确认文化的时空范围、建立文化序列、厘清源流关系等方面。通俗地讲,文化历史学派只关心文化是什么样子,而很少去考虑为什么会是这个样子;他们仅仅是热衷于建 Like the European and American archeology, throughout the 20th century, Chinese archeology was developed under the influence of the school of culture and history. It is assumed that things (including history, society and culture) follow a simple to complex and low-to-advanced A linear evolution way developed, so its focus is on the definition of cultural connotation, to identify the scope of cultural time and space, the establishment of cultural sequences, to clarify the source of relations and so on. To put it more succinctly, the schools of cultural history are only concerned with what culture is and rarely consider why it is the way it is; they are just keen to build