Unit 4词语和句型考点归纳

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  【词语精讲】
  1. arrive
  arrive是不及物动词,意为“到达”。
  (1) arrive后面接地点,指到达大地方时,需接介词in;到达小地点时,需接介词at。如:
  I will arrive in London next week. 我下周到伦敦。
  I arrived at school at 8 oclock. 我八点钟到学校。
  (2) arrive 后面接地点副词here, there等时,不需要接介词。如:
  I arrive home at six thirty in the evening. 我晚上六点半到家。
  【拓展】 arrive late for意为“做某事迟到”,与be late for是同义短语。如:
  Dont arrive late for the next test. = Dont be late for the next test. 下次考試不要再迟到了。
  2. listen
  listen是不及物动词,意为“听;倾听”,强调听的动作,后面接宾语时要用介词to。如:
  We should listen to the teacher carefully. 我们应该认真听老师讲课。
  Listen! Someone is singing in the garden. 听! 有人在花园里唱歌。
  【辨析】 listen, hear和sound
  listen, hear和sound三个词都有“听”的意思,具体区别如下:
  (1) listen意为“听”,侧重于听的动作。如:
  She is listening to music. 她正在听音乐。
  (2) hear 意为“听说;听到”,侧重于听到的内容。如:
  I heard someone cry in the next room last night. 昨晚我听见有人在隔壁哭。
  (3) sound是连系动词,意为“听起来”,后面接形容词作表语,构成主系表结构。如:
  It sounds good! 听起来不错!
  3. outside
  (1) outside作副词时,意为“在外面”,反义词是inside。如:
  Dont go outside. Its too cold. 不要到外面去,天气太冷了。
  (2) outside作形容词时,意为“外面的”。如:
  He is olated himself from the outside world. 他把自己与外部世界隔绝了。
  【拓展】 (1) outside作介词时,意为“在……外面”。如:
  There is a new car outside the house. 房子外边有一辆新车。
  (2) outside 作名词时,意为“外部;外表”。如:
  The outside of the old building is red. 这个房子的外部是红色的。
  4. wear
  wear意为“穿”,表示状态。如:
  My father wears a T-shirt today. 我爸爸今天穿着T恤衫。
  辨析: wear, put on, dress和in
  (1) put on意为“穿上;戴上”,表示动作。如:
  Its cold outside, put on your coat please. 外面非常冷,请穿上你的大衣。
  (2) dress作动词时,表示“为……穿衣”后接人或反身代词,也可以不接宾语。如:
  Can you dress the baby for me? 你能帮我给孩子穿衣服吗?
  (3) in一般表示穿着的状态,后面常接颜色或服装。如:
  The girl in red is my sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我姐姐。
  The girl in hat is very beautiful. 那个戴帽子的女孩很漂亮。
  5. practice
  (1) practice作动词时,是及物动词,意为“练习;训练”,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。如:
  I often practice my English in the morning. 我经常在早上练习英语。
  He practices playing soccer every day. 他每天练习踢足球。
  (2) practice 作名词时,意为“练习;实践”,是不可数名词。如:
  Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
  Playing the piano needs a lot of practice. 弹钢琴需要多加练习。
  6. relax
  relax 既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。作不及物动词时,意为“放松;休息;使轻松”,第三人称单数形式为relaxes。如:
  You work too hard. You should relax yourself. 你工作太努力了,你应该放松一下你自己。
  This song relaxes me. 这首歌使我心情舒畅。
  【拓展】 (1) relaxed还可用作形容词,意为“感到轻松的”,常用来修饰人作表语。如:   He is relaxed after listening to music. 听完音乐后,他感到放松。
  (2) relaxing也是形容词,意为“令人放松的”,常用来修饰物或事情,可以作表语、定语。如:
  Its a relaxing trip. 这是一次令人轻松的旅行。
  The film is very relaxing. 这部电影很轻松。
  7. follow
  follow意为“遵循;跟随”。follow the rules意为“遵守规章(制度)”。其反义词组为break the rules意为“违反规章(制度)”。如:
  You must follow the school rules. 你必须遵守学校规章制度。
  The diver shouldnt break the traffic rules. 司机不应该违反交通规则。
  【拓展】 follow的其他常见用法:
  (1) 跟随;跟着。如:
  Please follow me. Ill show you the way. 请跟我走,我来给你带路。
  (2) 明白;领悟。如:
  You are speaking too fast and we cant quite follow you. 你讲得太快,我们不太懂你的意思。
  (3) 沿……而行。如:
  They follow the road. 他们沿路而行。
  8. feel
  (1) feel作行为动词时,意为“觉得;认为”。如:
  How do you feel today? 今天你感觉怎样?
  I feel that you will win. 我感觉你会赢。
  (2) feel作连系动词时,意为“感觉;摸起来”,其后跟形容词作表语。如:
  I feel happy today. 我今天感觉很高兴。
  【短语串串】
  1. (be) on time 准时 2. listen to 听……
  3. have to 必须;不得不 4. make the bed 铺床
  5. wear the school uniform穿校服 6. keep hair short 留短发 7. learn to do sth. 学着去做某事 8. make rules 制定规章制度 9. bring... to... 把……带到……10. wear a hat戴帽子
  【难句在线】
  1. You must be on time. 你们必须守时。
  (1) must是情态动词,意为“必须;一定”,后面接动词原形。如:
  I must study hard. 我必须好好学习。
  (2) on time意为“准时;按时(不早也不晚)”。如:
  Our teacher gets to school on time every day. 我们老师每天都准时到校。
  【拓展】 in time指“及时”表示动作在规定的时间内或提前发生。如:
  Thank you for arriving here in time. 谢谢你们及时赶到。
  2. Can we bring music players to school? 我们能把音乐播放机带到学校来吗?
  bring意为“带来;拿來”,指从别处把某人或某物带到说话者所在的地点来。也可表示“由远及近”的方向性。如:
  Why dont you bring him along? 你为什么不带他一块儿来呢?
  Bring your book here tomorrow. 明天把你的书带来。
  【拓展】 take意为“带走;取走”,与bring互为反义词,经常和介词to搭配。表示把某物或某人从说话的地方带到另一个地方去,也可表示由近及远的方向性。如:
  Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走。
  Can you help me take the books to the school? 你能帮我把书带到学校去吗?
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