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分析研究了 3种不同人工灌木林地在草原露天矿区排土场边坡的水土保持效益和对周围环境的影响 ,结果表明 :山杏和丁香两种人工林生长缓慢 ,很难在短时间形成郁闭灌丛 ,而沙棘可以迅速形成郁闭度很高的人工林 ,护坡和土壤培肥作用显著。露天矿区排土场的形成将会根本改变其周围地区的土壤环境和植被类型。如无有效措施 ,坡下汇水区土壤将发生盐碱化 ,植被向耐盐的水生和湿地植物群落演替 ,但护坡的人工沙棘林能明显改善坡下的土壤条件 ,使植被向中生的喜肥植物群落演替。因此 ,利用人工沙棘林护坡 ,排土场坡下汇水区加以农业综合利用 ,应该作为草原露天矿区土地复垦的一种模式
The effects of water and soil conservation benefits on the soil and water conservation on the slope of the dump site in three types of artificial shrub land and its impact on the surrounding environment were analyzed. The results showed that the two plantations of Prunus sibirica and Lilac grow slowly and hardly formed in a short period of time Closed shrub, and seabuckthorn can quickly form a plantation with high canopy density, slope protection and soil fertility significant role. The formation of open dumps in open-pit mines will fundamentally change the soil environment and vegetation types in the surrounding areas. In the absence of effective measures, the soil in the catchment below the slope will be salinized, and the vegetation succession to the salt-tolerant aquatic and wetland plant communities. However, the artificial seabuckthorn forest on slope protection can significantly improve the soil conditions under the slope, The hi-fat plant community succession. Therefore, the use of artificial seabuckthorn slope protection, drainage area under the slope to catch the comprehensive utilization of agriculture, should be used as a grassland open pit mining land reclamation mode