科学课程主要包括物理、化学、生物以及地球科学等,内容涵盖广,知识抽象,学生在学习过程中很容易出现学习困难。选择科学有效的测量方法探究学生在科学学习过程中的困难点,可以帮助科学教师优化教学设计、调整教学策略,从而促进学生的有意义学习。在科学教育中,纸笔测验常常被用来测查学生的学习情况,但是纸笔测验方法不能很好地反映学生头脑中具体的知识结构和困惑,这在很大程度上阻碍 Science courses include physics, chemistry, biology and earth science, covering a wide range of knowledge abstraction, students are prone to learning difficulties in the learning process. Select scientific and effective measurement methods to explore students in the process of scientific learning difficulties, science teachers can help optimize the teaching design, teaching strategies to adjust, so as to promote meaningful learning of students. In science education, pen and paper tests are often used to test student learning, but paper and pen test methods do not reflect well the specific knowledge structure and confusion in students’ minds, which hinders to a large extent