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为了探讨晋西黄绵土坡面径流流态与输沙特征,本研究采用室内人工模拟降雨试验方法,对降雨条件下坡长对该区坡面径流雷诺数、弗劳德数、径流量、产沙量与输沙率进行量测与分析。结果表明:在雨强30~125mm/h、坡长1~5m的情况下,坡面薄层径流为层流,且为急流;径流流态对坡面水流侵蚀力有显著影响,产沙量与雷诺数呈良好幂函数关系;雨强与坡长的增大可增强径流紊动性,输沙率随二者的增大呈增加趋势,当雨强大于60 mm/h、坡长由3 m延长到4 m时,输沙率增量较2~3 m与4~5 m时小;输沙率与径流量的关系可用幂函数描述。该研究结论能够为黄土陡坡面水土流失治理和水土保持措施的布设提供一定的依据。
In order to discuss the runoff regime and sediment transport characteristics of loessial soil in western Shanxi Province, indoor artificial simulated rainfall test was used in this study. The effect of slope length on runoff Reynolds number, Froude number, runoff, Volume and sediment transport rate measurement and analysis. The results show that the thin-layer runoff is laminar and the rapids when the rainfall intensity is 30 ~ 125mm / h and the slope length is 1 ~ 5m. The runoff regime has a significant effect on the flow erosion power, and the sediment yield And the Reynolds number showed a good power function; rainfall intensity and slope length increase can enhance the runoff turbulence, sediment transport rate increases with increasing both, when the rainfall intensity is greater than 60 mm / h, slope length from 3 When m is extended to 4 m, the increment of sediment transport rate is smaller than that of 2 ~ 3 m and 4 ~ 5 m. The relation between sediment transport rate and runoff can be described by power function. The conclusions of this study can provide some evidences for soil and water erosion control on steep loess slopes and layout of soil and water conservation measures.