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目的了解南通市二次供水单位的卫生管理和水质状况,查找饮用水卫生安全隐患,为采取有效措施,进一步做好二次供水监管工作提供科学依据。方法于2015年采用现场卫生监督检查、查看二次供水档案资料和水质抽样检测相结合的方法对全市356家二次供水单位进行调查。结果检查发现有水箱(池)的二次供水单位在卫生管理制度、水箱(池)是否专用、水箱(池)容积是否符合要求、设施设备是否有安全防护、水污染事件应急处置情况、设施设备周围污染情况、水箱(池)定期清洗消毒、水管人员健康证明和卫生知识培训合格证持有等卫生状况的合格率较无水箱(池)的二次供水单位低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);使用时间在2005年之前的有水箱(池)二次供水设施的合格率低于使用时间在2005年之后的,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=41.81,P<0.01);有水箱(池)的二次供水水质抽检合格率为85.59%,低于无水箱(池)的二次供水单位,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=18.04,P<0.01)。结论有水箱(池)的二次供水单位存在设计、施工不合理,卫生管理工作参差不齐,水质监督抽检合格率不高的问题,二次供水存在安全隐患,建议进一步完善相关法律(规),明确二次供水单位的责任主体,改革现行的供水管理体制,加大陈旧设施的改造力度,建立二次供水媒体公示制度,推广应用二次供水新技术等。
Objective To understand the health management and water quality of secondary water supply units in Nantong City and to find out the potential health and safety risks of drinking water so as to provide scientific basis for effective measures and further monitoring of secondary water supply. Methods In 2015, 356 secondary water supply units in the city were surveyed with the on-site health supervision and inspection, the combination of secondary water supply files and water quality sampling. Results Check found that the water tank (pool) of secondary water supply units in the health management system, whether the tank (pool) is dedicated, the tank (tank) volume meets the requirements, facilities and equipment are safeguarded, water pollution incident emergency disposal, facilities and equipment Peripheral pollution, water tank (pool) regular cleaning and disinfection, water health personnel certification and health knowledge training certificates and other health conditions pass rate than no water tank (pool) secondary water supply units are low, the differences were statistically significant ( (P <0.01). The passing rate of secondary water supply facilities with water tank (tank) before using time was lower than the service time after 2005, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 41.81, P <0.01 ). The passing rate of secondary water supply with tank (tank) was 85.59%, which was lower than that without water tank (χ2). The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 18.04, P <0.01). Conclusion It is suggested that the secondary water supply units of water tank (pool) have the problems of design and construction, unreasonable construction, uneven sanitation management and low pass rate of water quality supervision and sampling. There is a potential safety hazard in the secondary water supply. It is suggested to further improve relevant laws and regulations, , Clarify the responsibility of the secondary water supply units, reform the existing water supply management system, increase the transformation of obsolete facilities, establish publicity system for secondary water supply, popularize and apply new technologies for secondary water supply.