儿童抗癫痫药物高敏反应综合征(AHS)起病突然,初期临床差异大,常伴多脏器损害,易造成误诊误治。现将保定市儿童医院2011年收治的1例AHS误诊为传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)患儿报告如下。1临床资料患儿男,4岁。主因“发热伴颈部淋巴结肿大十余天,皮疹1d”于2011-05-08入保定市儿童医院住院治疗。10余天前患儿开始发热,体温最高达39.0℃,无咳嗽及呕吐、腹泻。静点抗生素治疗无效。入院查体:体温37.5℃,脉搏98次/min,呼吸24次/min,血压100/65mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa Childhood antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) onset suddenly, the initial clinical differences, often accompanied by multiple organ damage, can easily lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Now Baoding Children’s Hospital in 2011 admitted 1 cases of AHS misdiagnosed as infectious mononucleosis (IM) were reported as follows. 1 clinical data in children male, 4 years old. The main reason, “fever with cervical lymph node enlargement more than ten days, rash 1d ” in 2011-05-08 into the hospital treatment of children’s Hospital of Baoding. More than 10 days before onset of fever in children, body temperature up to 39.0 ℃, no cough and vomiting, diarrhea. Static antibiotic treatment is invalid. Admission examination: body temperature 37.5 ℃, pulse 98 beats / min, breathing 24 times / min, blood pressure 100 / 65mmHg (1mmHg = 0.133kPa