一、前言在四冲程发动机经历了一百多年和柴油机第一次被用于载重汽车六十多年以后,点火式和压燃式发动机都得到了很大发展,目前的工作是使发动机符合空气污染和噪声的有关法规,而且,由于石油危机和成本增加,人们仍需要进一步改善发动机的燃料经济性。为此,需要进一步降低车辆的制造成本来尽可能地扩大市场,并满足顾客对产品的耐久性和可靠性的要求。在如此之快发展的领域中,评价一下取得何种程度的进展,是有裨益的。本文以里 I. INTRODUCTION After more than one hundred years of four-stroke engines and diesel engines being first used in trucks for more than sixty years, both ignition and compression ignition engines have been greatly developed. The current work is to make the engines conform to Air pollution and noise regulations, and due to the oil crisis and increased costs, there is still a need to further improve the fuel economy of the engine. To this end, there is a need to further reduce the manufacturing costs of vehicles to maximize the market as much as possible and to satisfy customers’ requirements for the durability and reliability of the products. In such a rapidly developing field, it is helpful to evaluate what extent of progress has been achieved. This article is here