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镜像书写是指对单个字母、整个词或者字母串进行反方向书写,当将这些字母或者字投射到镜子上时,这些字母或者字可以被正常阅读。镜像书写现象有时伴随镜像阅读,二者在研究中统称“镜像错误”。非随意的镜像错误已经在儿童以及脑损伤病人身上被发现,并且与利手、基因、智商及书写系统等因素有联系,但对该现象的发生发展及脑机制的解释目前尚不确定。对该现象的研究和解释将有助于我们深入理解文字的加工机制、文字书写的习得以及物体识别系统的加工与组织原则。本文系统评述了对镜像书写的理论解释,综合各方面研究阐述了镜像书写现象与利手、基因、智商等因素的关系,并探讨了该现象产生的潜在神经机制。
Mirror writing refers to the reverse writing of a single letter, an entire word, or a string of letters that can be read normally when projected onto a mirror. Mirror writing is sometimes accompanied by mirror reading, both of which are collectively referred to as “mirror errors” in the study. Non-random image errors have been found in children and in patients with brain damage and are linked to factors such as facilitation, genetics, intelligence, and writing systems, but the development of this phenomenon and the interpretation of brain mechanisms are not yet known. The research and explanation of this phenomenon will help us to understand deeply the processing mechanism of text, the acquisition of writing and the processing and organizing principles of object recognition system. This paper systematically reviews the theoretical interpretation of mirror writing, and studies various aspects of the relationship between mirror writing and hand, gene, IQ and other factors, and explores the underlying neural mechanism.