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为研究籽粒苋与烟草间作对烟草发育和钾吸收的影响,通过两年大田试验,分别设置了籽粒苋间作不翻压和45d后翻压、籽粒苋2行、4行、6行种植的处理,分析了不同间作模式下烟草干物质累积量、钾含量和钾吸收量的差异及土壤速效钾含量和缓效钾含量的差异。结果表明,籽粒苋与烟草间作后不翻压还田,烟草根系干物质积累量显著增加,钾含量无显著变化,含钾量增加70%,茎和叶片的干物质积累量分别下降了11%和14%,钾含量下降了0.11个百分点和0.12个百分点,含钾量下降了26%和12%。籽粒苋与烟草间作后翻压还田后,各处理的烟草叶片的钾含量均增加;与对照相比,2行籽粒苋(A2)处理和4行籽粒苋(A3)处理提高了烟草根系、茎和上部叶、中部叶的干物质积累量和含钾量,6行籽粒苋(A4)处理烟草、茎、上部叶、中部叶和下部叶、根系的干物质积累量和含钾量均降低;A2处理的上部叶和中部叶的干物质积累量低于A3处理,钾含量和含钾量高于A3处理。间作籽粒苋处理相比烟草单作,烟草行的土壤速效钾含量提高,土壤缓效钾含量变化不大;籽粒苋翻压还田的处理土壤速效钾含量显著大于不翻压还田的处理;籽粒苋翻压还田后烟草行的土壤速效钾的增加量以A4处理最大,翻压还田20和60d后分别比对照高91%和35%,其次为A3处理,翻压还田20和60d后分别比对照高54%和23%。不同处理间籽粒苋钾的表观流向存在差异,A2和A3处理籽粒苋42%~52%钾被烟草吸收,A4处理籽粒苋仅17%的钾被烟草吸收。综合得,烟草-籽粒苋间作可提高烟草叶片的钾含量和土壤速效钾含量,其中以距烟草行1m处种植两行籽粒苋并于45~55d时翻压还田的种植模式为较好。
In order to study the effect of grain amaranth and tobacco intercropping on tobacco development and potassium absorption, grain amaranth intercropping was carried out by two years of field experiments. The differences of dry matter accumulation, potassium content and potassium uptake in different intercropping modes and the difference of available potassium and slow-acting potassium in soil were analyzed. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of tobacco root increased significantly after the intercropping of amaranth and tobacco, the content of potassium did not change significantly, the content of potassium increased by 70%, the dry matter accumulation of stem and leaf decreased by 11% And 14%, potassium content decreased 0.11 percentage points and 0.12 percentage points, potassium content decreased by 26% and 12%. Compared with the control, 2-row amaranth (A2) treatment and 4-row amaranth (A3) treatment increased the tobacco root system, Dry matter accumulation and potassium content in stem, upper leaves and middle leaves, dry matter accumulation and potassium content in 6 rows of grain amaranth (A4) treated tobacco, stem, upper leaves, middle leaves and lower leaves The dry matter accumulation of upper leaves and middle leaves of A2 was lower than that of A3, and the content of potassium and potassium were higher than that of A3. The intercropped amaranth increased the content of available potassium in soils, while the content of slowly available potassium did not change much. Compared with untreated tobacco, The increase of available potassium in soil after tobacco amaranth returning to the field was the largest in A4 treatment, 91% and 35% higher than that in the control after returning to the field 20 and 60 days respectively, followed by A3 treatment, After 60 days, they were 54% and 23% higher than the control respectively. The apparent flow direction of amaranth was different among treatments. A2 and A3 treated 42% -52% potassium of grain amaranth by tobacco, and only 17% potassium of A4 treated amaranth was absorbed by tobacco. Synthetically obtained, tobacco - grain amaranth intercropping can increase the potassium content of tobacco leaves and soil available potassium content, which from two rows of tobacco plants to plant two lines of grain amaranth and back to 45 ~ 55d when the planting mode is better.