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Constitutively expressed Fas ligand (FasL) in several distinct epithelial cell types appears to protect tissues by inducing apoptosis of Fas+ immune cells during inflammatory reactions.To study the relationship of FasL and inflammation process in cornea, we examined the effects of inflammatory cytokine IL-1βon the FasL production, expression and cytotoxic function in corneal endothelial cells.In this paper, we demonstrate that IL-1βinhibits the FasL production and expression in corneal endothelial cells.The promoter activities of FasL in these cells are reduced by IL-1βin a dose-dependent manner.Finally, we also find that IL-1βblock the cytotoxic effects of FasL derived from corneal endothelial cells to the Fas+ target cells.These data support the view that FasL derived from corneal endothelial cells modulate inflammation within cornea.