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人类胚胎干细胞和多功能诱导性干细胞的诞生,标志着干细胞研究已经跨入了全新的应用时代。干细胞研究领域的一个重要方向是特定谱系成熟细胞的定向诱导分化。在诸多的血细胞中,成熟红细胞因为无核而携带着最小量的遗传物质,可能作为最早的干细胞治疗产品而应用于输血替代治疗。最近,干细胞向造血细胞(包括红细胞)的研究正方兴未艾。但由于方法学上的偏差,诱导产生的红细胞的成熟度各有所不同。该文在结合了作者实验室的工作经验的基础上,对目前人类多潜能干细胞向红细胞特定诱导分化的方法做了综合的描述,并提出了该研究领域亟需解决的重大科学问题。
The birth of human embryonic stem cells and multifunctional induced stem cells, marking the stem cell research has entered a new era of application. An important direction in the field of stem cell research is the direction-induced differentiation of mature lineages of specific lineages. Among many blood cells, mature erythrocytes carry a minimal amount of genetic material because they are nuclear-free and may be used as the earliest stem cell therapy products for transfusion replacement therapy. Recently, the research of stem cells to hematopoietic cells (including red blood cells) is in the ascendant. However, due to methodological deviations, induced maturation of red blood cells vary. Based on the working experience of author laboratory, this article gives a comprehensive description of the present method of differentiating erythrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells and puts forward some important scientific problems to be solved in this field.