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中国自19世纪40年代鸦片战争以后,才在西方列强的欺压和凌辱下开始从传统社会向现代社会转变。辛亥革命的爆发终于推翻了中国几千年的封建专制制度,建立了资产阶级共和国。中国在国体上实现了由传统向现代的转变。但是民主共和的观念并没有深入人心,广大民众仍旧处于封建蒙昧主义状态。随着中国政治局势的动荡演变及新文化运动的启蒙和宣传,民众的政治觉悟逐渐提高,五四运动时民众的政治心理带有了强烈的民主主义色彩。这种“民主主义因素不断增长的轨迹,最终导向推动中国政治现代化的民主革命。”因此探索民众政治心理的这一变动过程,有利于我们总结中国在政治现代化过程中的历史经验,对我们今天建设有中国特色社会主义现代化事业有积极的借鉴意义。
Since the Opium War of the 1840s in China, China began to transform itself from a traditional society to a modern one under the bullying and abuse of Western powers. The outbreak of the 1911 Revolution finally overthrew the feudal autocratic system in China for thousands of years and established a bourgeois republic. China has achieved its transformation from tradition to modern times on the national body. However, the concept of a democratic republic did not penetrate deeply into people’s minds, and the majority of the people are still in a state of feudal obscurantism. With the turbulent evolution of the political situation in China and the enlightenment and propaganda of the new cultural movement, the political awareness of the general public has been gradually raised. During the May Fourth Movement, the political psychology of the people brought a strong democratic sense. This “path of ever-increasing democratization” eventually leads to a democratic revolution that will push forward the political modernization of China. "Therefore, exploring this process of change in the political psychology of the people helps us to summarize China’s historical experience in the process of political modernization, There is a positive reference for building the socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics.