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采用恒温培养箱和小麦幼苗人工接种法研究了温度与小麦全蚀病 ( Gaeumannomycesgraminisvar.tritici )发生的关系 ,试验温度为 5℃、1 0℃、1 5℃、2 0℃、2 5℃和 3 0℃。结果表明 ,1 0～ 2 5℃时 ,接种 4～ 1 2 d罹病麦苗开始出现黑根症状。在该温度范围内 ,随温度升高症状出现越早 ,发病越重 ,表现为病根率、黑根段长度和生物学产量损失值大。 1 5～ 2 5℃是小麦全蚀病发生的最适温度 ,在适温条件下接种 4 d即可出现黑根症状 ,接种 6d病菌即可侵入中柱 ,5℃时病菌可侵染小麦 ,但病菌扩展缓慢 ,接种 3 0 d后仍局限在皮层细胞而未进入中柱 ,受侵小麦也未出现黑根。 3 0℃时病菌不能侵染。
The relationship between temperature and the occurrence of all eclipses of wheat (Gaeumannomyces graminisvar.tritici) was studied by artificial inoculation of the thermostatic incubator and wheat seedlings. The experimental temperatures were 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃ and 3 0 ° C. The results showed that the black root symptoms began to occur in infected wheat seedlings 4 to 12 days after inoculation at 10-25 ℃. Within the temperature range, the symptom appeared earlier with the rise of temperature and the incidence was heavier, which showed the rate of diseased root, the length of black root and the loss of biological yield. 1 5 ~ 25 ℃ is the optimum temperature for total eclipse of wheat. Black root symptom appeared when inoculated for 4 days at proper temperature. Inoculated 6d bacteria could invade the middle column, the bacteria could infect wheat at 5 ℃, However, the pathogen spread slowly and remained confined to cortical cells 30 days after inoculation. 3 0 ℃ bacteria can not be infected.