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研究目的:研究化学肥料和有机肥处理条件下,茶园酸性土壤细菌和古菌群落结构,以及氮素转化相关功能酶基因丰度的时间变化规律。创新要点:研究肥料、土壤温度及土壤含水量对茶园酸性土壤细菌和古菌群落结构,以及氮素转化相关功能酶基因丰度的影响。研究方法:应用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术分析茶园酸性土壤中细菌和古菌群落结构随时间的变化规律,应用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术,研究茶园酸性土壤细菌、古菌、硝化作用功能酶基因(细菌和古菌amoA基因)和细菌反硝化作用功能酶基因(narG、nirK、nirS和nosZ基因)丰度的时间变化规律。重要结论:茶园土壤细菌和古菌群落结构受到肥料的影响,并随着取样时间有显著的变化。细菌、古菌和古菌的amoA基因的丰度在7月份最小,而细菌的amoA基因和反硝化作用功能酶基因(除nirK基因)的丰度在9月份最小。有机肥处理增加了细菌、古菌和氮素转化相关功能酶基因的丰度,但化学肥料的施用对菌群及功能酶基因丰度的影响较小。土壤温度显著影响了土壤细菌和古菌的群落结构。土壤含水量与细菌反硝化作用功能酶基因有显著的相关性。土壤有机碳含量与细菌、古菌及功能酶基因丰度之间有显著的相关性。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal and spatial variation of bacterial and archaeal communities in acid soils and the gene abundances of enzymes involved in nitrogen transformation under chemical fertilizers and organic manure treatments. Innovations: The effects of fertilizers, soil temperature and soil water content on the bacterial community and archaeal community structure in acid soils and the abundance of enzyme genes related to nitrogen transformation were studied. Methods: The changes of bacterial and archaeal community structure in acidic soil of tea plantation over time were analyzed by T-RFLP. Fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) The changes of acid bacteria, archaea, nitrification function genes (bacterial and archaeal amoA genes) and bacterial denitrification functional enzyme genes (narG, nirK, nirS and nosZ) were studied. Important conclusion: The structure of soil bacteria and archaeal community in tea plantation was affected by fertilizer and significantly changed with sampling time. The abundance of amoA genes of bacteria, archaea and archaea was the lowest in July, while the abundance of bacterial amoA genes and denitrifying functional enzyme genes (except for the nirK gene) was minimal in September. Organic manure treatment increased the abundance of bacterial genes, archaea and nitrogen-related enzyme genes, but chemical fertilizers had little effect on the abundance of bacterial and functional enzymes. Soil temperature significantly affected the community structure of soil bacteria and archaea. Soil water content and bacterial denitrification function enzyme gene has a significant correlation. There was a significant correlation between soil organic carbon content and the abundance of bacteria, archaea and functional enzymes.