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目的研究支气管肺泡灌洗技术治疗尘肺的效果。方法随机选取2014年3月至2015年2月尘肺患者50例作为研究对象,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各25例,治疗组行肺灌洗治疗,对照组行止咳、平喘、抗感染、祛痰等常规治疗,未行肺灌洗治疗。对肺灌洗治疗前后患者自主症状及相关检测指标的改变进行分析,通过检测灌洗液的变化,总结尘肺患者肺泡灌洗液中成分改变与患者病程的相关性。结果治疗后患者的咳嗽及咳痰的症状均略微增多,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),呼吸困难和胸闷的症状均显著降低(P均<0.05);治疗前两组患者的氧分压(Pa O2)无统计学差异(P>0.05),治疗后治疗组患者的Pa O2显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前后两组患者的肺一氧化碳弥散量(DLCO)%均无统计学差异(P均>0.05);治疗前两组患者的FEV1%、FVC%均无统计学差异(P均>0.05),治疗后治疗组患者的FEV1%、FVC%均高于对照组,但差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论支气管肺泡灌洗技术治疗尘肺效果好,可以有效改善咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷、气紧等症状,并发症发生率较低。
Objective To study the effect of bronchoalveolar lavage (PABP) on pneumoconiosis. Methods A total of 50 patients with pneumoconiosis from March 2014 to February 2015 were randomly divided into treatment group (n = 25) and control group (n = 25). Patients in the treatment group were treated with pulmonary lavage, and those in the control group were given cough-relieving, Infection, expectorant and other conventional treatment, pulmonary lavage without treatment. The changes of autonomic symptoms before and after lung lavage treatment and the related testing indexes were analyzed. The changes of lavage fluid were detected to summarize the correlation between the change of the components in alveolar lavage fluid and the course of the patients with pneumoconiosis. Results After treatment, the symptoms of cough and sputum in patients were slightly increased, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The symptoms of dyspnea and chest tightness were significantly decreased (all P <0.05) There was no significant difference in Pa O2 between the two groups (P> 0.05). After treatment, PaO2 in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). Before and after treatment, the percent of diffuse lung carbon monoxide (DLCO) (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in FEV1% and FVC% between the two groups before treatment (all P> 0.05). After treatment, FEV1% and FVC% of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group , But the difference was not statistically significant (P all> 0.05). Conclusions Bronchoalveolar lavage is effective in treating pneumoconiosis, which can effectively relieve symptoms such as cough, sputum, chest tightness and tightness, and the complication rate is low.