采用等离子喷涂工艺制备了四种结构的金属－陶瓷复合涂层，对涂层进行了热震试验，并探讨了涂层的热震失效机制。试验结果表明，涂层热震失效的本质为循环应力作用下的疲劳失效，其失效过程包括裂纹形成、扩展及最终剥落三个阶段。采用多层过渡复合涂层可有效地缓和涂层内热应力，阻碍涂层内裂纹的形成及扩展，从而大幅度提高涂层的抗热震性。 Four kinds of metal-ceramic composite coatings were prepared by plasma spray process. The thermal shock tests of the coatings were carried out. The thermal shock failure mechanism of the coatings was also discussed. The experimental results show that the essence of thermal shock failure of the coating is fatigue failure under the effect of cyclic stress. The failure process includes three stages of crack formation, propagation and final spalling. Multi-layer transitional composite coating can effectively reduce the thermal stress in the coating, hinder the formation and expansion of cracks in the coating, thereby greatly improving the thermal shock resistance of the coating.