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目的了解合肥市高温中暑的发生情况,分析高温中暑病例的特征,为制定预防和控制措施提供依据。方法收集合肥市2014年高温中暑和气象数据,采用Spearman相关分析和Poission广义可加模型分析。结果 2014年合肥市共发生高温中暑160例,男性114例(71.25%),女性46例(28.75%),其中轻症中暑115例(71.88%),重症中暑45例(28.12%)。年龄16~86岁之间,平均(43.79±16.05)岁,其中40岁以上的中老年病例占61.88%。中暑者主要为农民60例(37.50%)和工人77例(48.12%)。其中7月份中暑病例达116例(72.50%),为中暑高发期。Spearman相关分析结果表明,高温中暑人数与日最高气温、日最低气温、日均气温成正相关关系,与日最小湿度、日均湿度、日最高气压、日最低气压、日均气压成负相关,且均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Poisson广义可加模型结果显示日均气温是影响高温中暑的主要因素,日均气温与高温中暑呈正相关,随着日均气温的升高,发生高温中暑的风险也增加。结论合肥市高温中暑以轻症中暑为主,多为中老年男性,7月份为高发期,日均气温是影响高温中暑的主要因素。
Objective To understand the occurrence of heat stroke in Hefei, analyze the characteristics of heat stroke cases and provide evidence for the prevention and control measures. Methods The heat stroke and meteorological data of Hefei in 2014 were collected and analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis and Poission generalized additive model. Results A total of 160 cases of high temperature stroke were found in Hefei in 2014, including 114 (71.25%) males and 46 (28.75%) females, including 115 mild hypothermia (71.88%) and 45 severe heat stroke (28.12%). The average age ranged from 16 to 86 years old (43.79 ± 16.05) years, of which 61.88% were middle-aged and elderly cases over 40 years old. Heat stroke were mainly farmers 60 cases (37.50%) and workers 77 cases (48.12%). One case of heat stroke in July reached 116 cases (72.50%), high temperature stroke. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the number of HTS and the daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature and average daily temperature, and negatively correlated with daily minimum humidity, daily average humidity, daily maximum pressure, daily minimum pressure and mean daily pressure All were statistically significant (P <0.01). Poisson’s generalized additive model results show that the average daily air temperature is the main factor affecting high temperature heat stroke. The average daily air temperature is positively correlated with high temperature heat stroke. With the increase of average daily air temperature, the risk of heat stroke is also increased. Conclusion Hefei sunstroke heat stroke is the main cause of mild heat stroke, mostly middle-aged and elderly men, July is the high incidence period, the average daily temperature is the main factor that affects the heat stroke.