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采用超声波焊接的方法成功制备了功能梯度材料,它具有简便、环保、快速成型的特点。实验以铝合金6061、3003、纯钛、钛合金Ti-6Al-4V和纯镍为材料,利用超声波焊接方法制备Al/Ti/Ni功能梯度材料。通过金相显微分析、显微硬度分析、EDS分析对其焊接界面的微观结构、显微硬度、焊缝原子扩散程度进行测试和表征。结果表明:接头的结合形式常伴有机械嵌合,结合程度趋于金属间的键合,接头总体硬度值增大,在焊缝处达到峰值,界面两侧金属元素能在不到0.2 s的焊接时间下实现界面间的元素相互扩散和渗透,达到梯度材料的设计要求。
The functionally graded material has been successfully prepared by ultrasonic welding, which has the characteristics of simplicity, environmental protection and rapid prototyping. Al / Ti / Ni functional graded materials were prepared by ultrasonic welding using aluminum alloy 6061, 3003, pure titanium, titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and pure nickel as materials. The microstructure, microhardness and atomic diffusion degree of the weld were tested and characterized by metallographic analysis, microhardness analysis and EDS analysis. The results show that the bonding forms are often accompanied by mechanical chimerism. The bonding degree tends to the intermetallic bonding. The total hardness value of the joint increases and reaches the peak value at the weld. The metal elements on both sides of the interface can be deposited in less than 0.2 s Under the welding time, the inter-interface elements diffuse and penetrate each other to reach the design requirements of the gradient material.