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针对松散软岩胶结程度差、松散易碎及岩层粒状力学行为明显的特性,引入粒状材料的概念对松散软岩巷道失稳机理进行研究。在粒状材料力学行为分析的基础上,获得了粒状材料库仑屈服准则,并结合某矿现场情况建立了松散软岩巷道力学模型,获得了其围岩塑性区半径扩展公式。通过分析得出:巷道围岩塑性区半径随着初始支护强度与原始地应力比值的增加逐渐减小,但塑性区范围仍然很大。因而仅仅通过提高巷道初始支护强度并不能有效控制该类巷道围岩塑性区的扩展,还需改善围岩物理力学性能,提高支护结构的承载能力。针对该矿区具体情况提出了“超前预注浆+锚网棚+锚注”联合支护方案,取得了良好成效,保证了施工的顺利进行。
Aiming at the poor cementing degree of loose soft rock, loose and fragile, and granular granular mechanical behavior, the concept of granular material was introduced to study the instability mechanism of loose soft rock roadway. Based on the analysis of the mechanical behavior of granular materials, the Coulomb yield criterion of granular materials was obtained, and the mechanics model of loose soft rock roadway was established based on the site conditions of a mine. The radius expansion formula of plastic zone of surrounding rock was obtained. The analysis shows that the radius of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock decreases gradually with the increase of the ratio of the initial support strength to the original ground stress, but the plastic zone is still large. Therefore, only by increasing the initial support strength of the roadway can not effectively control the expansion of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock of this kind of roadway, it also needs to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock and improve the bearing capacity of the supporting structure. According to the specific conditions of the mining area, the “advanced pre-grouting + anchor net shed + anchor injection” joint support scheme has been put forward and achieved good results, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction.