细菌感染的第一步是必须粘附于易感细胞 ,以获得立足点 ,在局部繁殖 ,释放毒素和酶类损坏组织 ,导致感染 ,细菌的粘附作用主要靠粘附素特异的识别并结合到宿主细胞的受体 ,使细菌在局部定居。本文主要综述菌毛粘附素的分子结构及基因控制 ,菌毛粘附素如何通过四种典型途径装配 ,以及参与装配的蛋白质是如何协调功能的研究进展。 The first step in bacterial infection is that it must adhere to susceptible cells to gain a foothold, propagate locally, release toxins and enzymes that damage tissues and cause infection, and bacterial adherence is predominantly identified and bound specifically by adhesins Receptors to host cells allow the bacteria to colonize locally. This article reviews the molecular structure and gene control of pili adhesion, how pectin is assembled through four typical pathways, and how the proteins involved in assembly play a role in coordination.