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目的了解湖南省某市小学三~六年级孤儿、亚孤儿的孤独感、社会支持现状及其相关关系,为采取针对性的干预提供参考。方法采用社会支持评定量表、儿童孤独感量表对2015年湖南省某市民政局帮扶的100名三~六年级孤儿、亚孤儿进行问卷调查,共收回有效问卷84份。结果孤儿、亚孤儿孤独感总均分为(31.25±9.12)分,29.17%(25名)的孤儿、亚孤儿孤独感偏高。孤儿、亚孤儿孤独感得分在性别、是否独生子女、年级上差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。女性孤儿、亚孤儿的社会支持、客观支持、主观支持高于男性,独生子女孤儿、亚孤儿的客观支持高于非独生子女(P值均<0.05)。孤独感与社会支持总分及主观支持呈负相关(r值分别为-0.535,-0.571,P值均<0.01)。结论孤儿、亚孤儿孤独感并不突出,低于普通农村留守儿童。主观社会支持是孤儿、亚孤儿孤独感的影响因素。
Objective To understand the loneliness and social support status of orphans and orphans in the third to sixth grade of primary school in a city of Hunan Province and to provide some references for the targeted intervention. Methods A total of 100 valid questionnaires were collected from 100 or so third or sixth grade orphans and orphans with the help of social support rating scale and children’s loneliness scale in 2015 in Hunan Province. 84 valid questionnaires were collected. Results Total orphans and orphans in lone orphans were divided into (31.25 ± 9.12) points and 29.17% (25) orphans. Orphans, orphans loneliness score in gender, whether the only child, grade differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The social support, objective support and sub-orphans of female orphans and sub-orphans were higher than those of men, orphans and orphans. The objective support was higher than that of non-only children (P <0.05). Loneliness was negatively correlated with the total score of social support and subjective support (r = -0.535, -0.571, P <0.01). Conclusion Orphans and orphans are not prominent in their sense of loneliness, which is lower than that of left-behind children in ordinary rural areas. Subjective social support is the influencing factor of orphans and orphans.