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随着人们对环境与贸易问题的关注,如何在WTO框架下协调环境与贸易的关系这一问题成了人们关注的焦点。WTO框架下环境与贸易关系问题的提出,反映了发达国家与发展中国家、环保主义者与贸易主义者之间的利益冲突。当然这种冲突也不是绝对的,WTO框架下的“环境例外”措施是对这种冲突的一种协调。WTO框架下环境与贸易的关系问题很大程度上体现为WTO与MEAs之间的关系。就MEAS与WTO的关系而言,两者既存在相冲突的一面,也存在内在的统一性。要很好地协调WTO框架下的环境与贸易的关系,可以从三方面着手,即加强MEAs与WTO规则间的协调;加强国际合作,避免单边行动;加强WTO与有关组织的合作与协调。
With people’s attention on environment and trade issues, how to coordinate the relationship between environment and trade within the WTO framework has become the focus of attention. The issue of the relationship between environment and trade under the WTO framework reflects the conflict of interest between developed and developing countries, environmentalists and traders. Of course, this kind of conflict is not absolute either. The “environmental exception” measures under the WTO framework are a kind of coordination of such conflicts. The relationship between environment and trade under the framework of WTO is largely reflected in the relationship between WTO and MEAs. In terms of the relationship between MEAS and the WTO, there are both conflicting aspects and inherent unity. To coordinate well the relationship between environment and trade under the framework of WTO, we can start from three aspects: to strengthen coordination between MEAs and WTO rules; to strengthen international cooperation and avoid unilateral actions; and to enhance cooperation and coordination between WTO and relevant organizations.