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本文尝试从当今文化学的视角出发探讨德国表现主义时期重要作家阿尔弗雷德·德布林的短篇小说《舞者与躯体》中的身体问题。“身体存在”与“身体拥有”构成了人的存在的基本结构。与之相关联的主体的构成依赖于他者的意志的介入。作品的主人公“舞者”在主体建构过程中内化了外来的秩序“语法”,开始了理性意志对身体的驯化。而疾病挫败了她的以动物为参照的身体观,使她不得不面对把身体视为机器的工具理性身体观。而这两种身体观的绝对化、片面化最终导致了她的毁灭。以此,这篇短文可以视为对现代身体方案的反思。
This article attempts to explore the body problems in the short story “Dancer and Body” by Alfred Deblin, a leading German writer during the period of German Expressionism, from the perspective of today’s culturology. “Body Existence” and “Body Possession” constitute the basic structure of human existence. The composition of the subject associated with it depends on the intervention of the will of the other. The protagonist “dancer” of the work internalizes the “grammar” of the external order in the process of subject construction, and starts the domestication of the body by the will of reason. The disease has foiled her animal-based outlook on the body and has forced her to face the rational physical concept of a tool that sees the body as a machine. The absolute and one-sidedness of these two views of body eventually led to her destruction. As a result, this essay can be viewed as a reflection of the modern physical program.