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法官在行使司法权的能动性与法律的确定性之间存在着一种与生俱来的紧张关系。这种紧张关系衍生出一种结果,即法官自由裁量权。法官的自由裁量权是一种在司法活动中必然运用的权利,而其目的则在于公正地适用法律,让法律的固定性得以灵活运用于法律实践。但是司法活动中的自由裁量权有深刻的人性基础,那便是人的理性有限性。权力的存在必然会导致权力滥用的后果。文章主要分为四个部分:第一部分,司法自由裁量权的法理解释。分别阐述了国内外学者和本人对司法自由裁量权含义的理解。第二部分,比较法视野中的司法自由裁量权。第三部分主要讲述法律的确定性和司法自由裁量权关系以及怎样去合理限规制自由裁量权。第四部分主要讲述法律职业化以及法官遴选制。
There is an inherent tension between judges’ motivation in exercising their jurisdiction and the law’s certainty. This tension is a consequence of the judge’s discretion. The judge’s discretion is an inevitable use in judicial activities, and its purpose lies in the fair application of the law, so that the flexibility of the law can be flexibly applied to legal practice. However, the discretion in judicial activities has a profound human nature foundation, that is, the limitation of rationality of man. The existence of power will inevitably lead to the consequences of abuse of power. The article is divided into four parts: The first part is the legal interpretation of judicial discretion. Respectively expounds the understanding of the meaning of judicial discretion both domestic and foreign scholars and themselves. The second part is the judicial discretion in the field of comparative law. The third part mainly discusses the relationship between the certainty of law and judicial discretion and how to regulate the discretion rationally. The fourth part focuses on legal professionalism and the selection of judges.