从十九世纪上半叶开始,出现了一系列与语言科学有关的交叉学科,例如:心理语言学、社会语言学、应用语言学、数理语言学等等。它们一般都是结合、利用语言学理论和成果来研究其他学科,或运用其他学科的理论方法来研究语言学。从传统的结构主义的“内部”研究到这些交叉学科的“ Starting from the first half of the nineteenth century, a series of interdisciplinary studies related to language science emerged, such as psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, applied linguistics, mathematical linguistics and so on. They are generally combined, using linguistic theories and achievements to study other disciplines, or using other disciplines to study linguistics. From the traditional structuralist “internal” research to these interdisciplinary "