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目的探讨急性甲醇中毒性视神经病的特点及综合治疗方法。方法对41例急性甲醇中毒出现中毒性视神经、视网膜损害的患者予血液透析、碳酸氢钠、脱水、维持酸碱电解质平衡,使用叶酸、激素、扩血管药改善脑血循及脑供氧.高压氧等综合治疗。结果41例中痊愈24例,轻度残损6例,重度残损7例,极重度残损4例(包括死亡1例)。结论急性甲醇中毒可引起不可逆的视神经损害,出现重度中毒性视神经病即预后差。尽快清除体内毒物,及时纠正酸中毒,早期、冲击剂量给予激素,防治脑水肿,改善眼底血循环及高压氧等综合治疗是抢救急性甲醇中毒并减少视功能障碍后遗症的重要手段。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of acute methanol-induced optic neuropathy and its comprehensive treatment. Methods 41 cases of acute methanol poisoning appear toxic optic nerve, retinal damage in patients with hemodialysis, sodium bicarbonate, dehydration, maintain acid-base electrolyte balance, the use of folic acid, hormones, vasodilator drugs to improve cerebral blood circulation and cerebral oxygen. Oxygen and other comprehensive treatment. Results Among the 41 cases, 24 cases were cured, 6 cases were mildly damaged, 7 cases were severely damaged and 4 cases were extremely severely damaged (including 1 case died). Conclusion Acute methanol intoxication can cause irreversible optic nerve damage, and severe toxic optic neuropathy results in poor prognosis. As soon as possible to remove the body of toxic substances, and timely correction of acidosis, early, impact dose administration of hormones, prevention and treatment of brain edema, improve blood circulation and hyperbaric oxygen eye and other comprehensive treatment is to rescue acute methanol poisoning and reduce complications of vision disorders an important means.