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目的观察和分析汉语失语症患者方位介词的加工特点,为脑卒中后汉语失语患者的临床康复治疗提供一定理论依据。方法选取20例汉语失语患者(病例组)以及20例正常受试者(对照组)作为研究对象,分别进行方位介词的复述、听理解、填词、视空间功能以及短时记忆检测,比较2组各项得分情况,分析其间的差异。结果与对照组相比,病例组在方位介词的复述、理解以及填词任务的完成均存在障碍;对单个方位介词以及介词短语的复述成绩优于句中介词,前两者的复述成绩较对照组稍差,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);句中方位介词的复述、理解存在明显障碍,均较对照组差(P<0.05)。复述测试中主要表现为目标词省略错误。2组患者视空间功能评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病例组短时记忆明显受损,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论汉语失语患者存在方位介词加工障碍。句中方位介词的复述较方位介词短语、单个方位介词的复述更困难,这可能与短时记忆障碍以及该类词在句法中的角色功能有关。我们在进行语言康复训练时,应制定针对性的康复计划。
Objective To observe and analyze the processing characteristics of locational prepositions of patients with aphasia in Chinese and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical rehabilitation of stroke patients after aphasia. Methods Twenty Chinese aphasia patients (case group) and 20 normal subjects (control group) were selected as the research object. The repositioning, listening comprehension, lyrics, visual space function and short-term memory test of orientation prepositions were compared respectively. The scores of the situation, analyze the differences between. Results Compared with the control group, the case group had obstacles in the rehearsal and comprehension of the prepositions and the completion of the lyric task. The rehearsal scores of single position prepositions and prepositional phrases were better than that of the prepositions, (P <0.05). The repetition of the orientational preposition in the sentence and the obvious obstacle to understand were all worse than those in the control group (P <0.05). The main performance of the repeat test is the omission of the target word error. There was no significant difference in visual function score between the two groups (P> 0.05). The short-term memory of the case group was significantly impaired, compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Chinese aphasia patients have prepositional processing obstacles. Paraphrasing of positional prepositions in sentences is more difficult than that of situational prepositions and repetition of single orientation prepositions, which may be related to short-term memory impairment and the role of such words in their syntactic functions. When conducting language rehabilitation training, we should formulate targeted rehabilitation programs.