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调查发现:正式林权抵押贷款制度安排存在信息不对称、抵押林权处置难、借贷成本与风险大、非生产性借贷居多和林业部门寻租等主要问题。而民间借贷吸纳本土知识,能够解决正式制度安排的上述缺陷,但这一非正式制度安排却由于金融规制不健全、地域性局限、政策性约束等不足,实际处于“地下”运作状态,导致农民无论向信用社,还是通过民间渠道借贷都会受到诸多限制。鉴于本土知识和林权抵押贷款的密切关系,应把本土知识与民间借贷机制包容到已有政策中,以充分发挥制度实施效力。
The survey found that the main problems of formal forestry right mortgage loan system are asymmetric information, difficult disposal of mortgage and forest right, large cost and risk of borrowing, large amount of unproductive borrowing and rent seeking of forestry department. However, private lending to absorb local knowledge can solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of formal institutional arrangements. However, due to inadequate financial regulations, geographical limitations and policy constraints, informal institutional arrangements are actually under “underground” operational status, As a result, peasants are subject to many restrictions whether they make loans to credit unions or through private channels. In view of the close relationship between local knowledge and forest right mortgage loans, local knowledge and private lending mechanisms should be included in existing policies to give full play to the effectiveness of the system.