扩展Kalman滤波器(EKF)广泛地应用于卫星定姿问题,但它设计困难,且有发散性问题。该文应用一种采样变换(unscentedtransform,UT)设计了新的姿态确定滤波器UKF(unscentedKalmanfilter)。仿真对比结果表明,UKF滤波器定姿精度好于0.003°。其收敛速度大大高于EKF滤波器。而状态估计精度与EKF相当,方差估计优于EKF,且数值稳定性好。因此该滤波器可用于卫星快速机动过程的定姿。 Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is widely used in satellite pose problem, but it is difficult to design and has divergent problems. In this paper, a new unscented Kalmanfilter (UKF) is designed by using a unscented transform (UT). The simulation results show that the accuracy of the UKF filter is better than 0.003 °. Its convergence speed is much higher than EKF filter. The state estimation accuracy is equivalent to that of EKF, the variance estimation is better than EKF, and the numerical stability is good. Therefore, the filter can be used to determine the attitude of the satellite during rapid maneuvering.