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实事求是,一切从实际出发,是我们党的思想路线的实质和核心。它是我们进行社会主义现代化建设实践的指导方针。而实际究竟包括哪些内容;怎样才能全面、正确地把握实际;如何做到一切从实际出发。这不仅是一个实践问题,而且是一个重要的理论问题。对此,却很少有人论及。 笔者以为,实际是一个极为广泛的概念。实际不仅包括客体实际,而且应当包括主体实际。不仅包括物质性实际,而且应当包括精神性实际。不仅包括客观实际,而且应当包括主观实际。通常人们说,从实际出发,就是坚持唯物论的问题。其实不然,这里不仅要坚持唯物论,更重要的是坚持辩证法。这是因为,实际既是普遍联系的,又是发展变化的。既包括事物的现象,又包括事物的本质。既包括事物的主流,又包括事物的支流。因此弄清实际范畴,真正做到一切从实际出发,具有很大的现实意义和理论价值。
Seeking truth from facts, proceeding from reality is the essence and core of our party’s ideological line. It is the guideline for our practice of socialist modernization. However, what exactly is included in reality? How can we grasp the reality comprehensively and correctly? How to proceed from reality in all aspects? This is not only a practical issue, but also an important theoretical issue. In this regard, but few people discussed. In my opinion, the reality is a very broad concept. The actual not only includes the actual object, but also includes the actual subject. It includes not only physical reality, but spiritual realities as well. Not only objective reality but also subjective reality should be included. People usually say that from the reality, it is to uphold the issue of materialism. In actual fact, here not only to adhere to the materialism, more importantly, adhere to dialectics. This is because reality is both universal and evolving. Including the phenomenon of things, but also the nature of things. Including both the mainstream of things, but also the tributaries of things. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and theoretical value to make clear the actual category and to truly proceed from reality.