一、前言研究物体撞击的力学响应,是力学中一个古老而至今还十分受重视的课题。随着导弹和卫星等宇航技术的发展,撞击力学中增添了许多重要的内容。目前,国外正在研究一种新的反装甲兵器,它利用母弹中飞散出许多子弹去摧毁面型目标。由于战术弹道式导弹精度高,落速大,可以从顶面攻击,因此显示着这种新技术应用的前景。类似的侵彻问题还出现于战略弹道式导弹和空间飞行器的研究中。例如:发射许多小弹体,在高空非核拦截敌方再入的弹头;导弹在起飞和爬高阶段,亦需要研 I. INTRODUCTION The study of the mechanical response to the impact of an object is an ancient topic in mechanics that is still a subject of great attention. With the development of aerospace technologies such as missiles and satellites, a great deal of important content has been added to impact mechanics. At present, a new type of anti-armor weapon is being researched abroad, which uses a large number of bullets in a bomb to destroy surface targets. Tactical ballistic missiles, because of their high precision and large fall speed, can attack from the top, thus showing the prospect of this new technology. Similar problems of penetration also occur in the study of strategic ballistic missiles and space vehicles. For example, launching many small bombs and intercepting enemy reentry warheads at high altitudes. Missiles also need to be studied during takeoff and climb phases